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Creators/Authors contains: "Romero, Pablo"

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  1. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are central in modern life, where they are found in products from smartphones to laptops to electric vehicles. The demand for efficient and sustainable batteries is higher than ever, with the predicted depletion of lithium sources after 2050 [1-3]. As an alternative to LIBs, next-generation fluoride-ion batteries (FIBs) are now being studied since fluorine is more abundant than lithium. While the majority of FIBs reported use solid electrolytes, liquid electrolytes are of interest for room-temperature applications and they are the focus of this article. This article begins by providing a concise background on specific concepts of battery chemistry that can be used as a basis to expand micro/nanotechnology education curricula to include alternative battery technologies. Key points on defining battery components, battery capacity, and redox reactions at play (including differences between redox reactions in LIBs vs FIBs) are presented. A survey on recent developments of liquid electrolytes in FIBs is derived, where three chemical strategies for designing liquid electrolytes for FIB are determined. This analysis of FIB liquid electrolytes studied so far provides a perspective to holistically improve room-temperature FIBs by tailoring the anode, cathode, and electrolyte combination. Ultimately, the survey of literature developed in the article can have an exemplary role in bibliographic research on alternative battery technologies for students in secondary, two-year, or four-year higher education institutions. 
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  2. SUMMARY The stilbenoid pathway is responsible for the production of resveratrol in grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.). A few transcription factors (TFs) have been identified as regulators of this pathway but the extent of this control has not been deeply studied. Here we show how DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP‐Seq) allows for the genome‐wide TF‐binding site interrogation in grape. We obtained 5190 and 4443 binding events assigned to 4041 and 3626 genes for MYB14 and MYB15, respectively (approximately 40% of peaks located within −10 kb of transcription start sites). DAP‐Seq of MYB14/MYB15 was combined with aggregate gene co‐expression networks (GCNs) built from more than 1400 transcriptomic datasets from leaves, fruits, and flowers to narrow down bound genes to a set of high confidence targets. The analysis of MYB14, MYB15, and MYB13, a third uncharacterized member of Subgroup 2 (S2), showed that in addition to the few previously known stilbene synthase (STS) targets, these regulators bind to 30 of 47STSfamily genes. Moreover, all three MYBs bind to severalPAL,C4H, and4CLgenes, in addition to shikimate pathway genes, theWRKY03stilbenoid co‐regulator and resveratrol‐modifying gene candidates among which ROMT2‐3 were validated enzymatically. A high proportion of DAP‐Seq bound genes were induced in the activated transcriptomes of transientMYB15‐overexpressing grapevine leaves, validating our methodological approach for delimiting TF targets. Overall, Subgroup 2 R2R3‐MYBs appear to play a key role in binding and directly regulating several primary and secondary metabolic steps leading to an increased flux towards stilbenoid production. The integration of DAP‐Seq and reciprocal GCNs offers a rapid framework for gene function characterization using genome‐wide approaches in the context of non‐model plant species and stands up as a valid first approach for identifying gene regulatory networks of specialized metabolism. 
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